Sump Pump Selection: What Size, Type & Backup System Do You Need?

Water is, without a doubt, the number one enemy of a home. In fact, water causes so much damage that insurance companies do not cover damage from flooding, and backup of sewer and drain is only added to homeowners insurance policies as an endorsement for an extra fee. The federal government does not require major insurance companies to provide insurance coverage for flooding due to the extremely high claim costs. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) exists for this very reason.

So why is water damage such a big deal? Because water takes a toll on a structure in several ways, not just one. Water causes wood and other materials to rot, compromising their structural integrity. It creates an ideal environment for wood-destroying pests that may move in to take advantage of a prevalent food and water source and subsequently wreak havoc on the structure. Similarly, water and moisture are a breeding ground for microbial matter, like mold, that can cause harm to inhabitants of the house – especially people who are asthmatic or suffer from allergies or respiratory problems. If all that isn’t enough, the musty odor created by water and moisture is enough to make some people sick to their stomach.

A good friend of mine once said that the advent of indoor plumbing is probably the “craziest idea” ever conceived in home building. It’s certainly convenient and something most of us can’t imagine living without (although people did for millennia) and many still do in other parts of the world. It’s true that filling our houses with pressurized water lines is a risk, but modern plumbing practices minimize these risks substantially.

The bottom line for homeowners is this: Leaks are a major enemy and need to be dealt with immediately. Whether the leak is coming from the roof, a water line or a fixture, it must be dealt with immediately to prevent significant damage, expense and risk to health.

Monitor your house for water and moisture intrusion continually, and call in qualified contractors right away for any water related repairs that may arise. Be diligent in fighting the enemies of your home’s integrity – especially water!

*To visit our main website, go to http://www.hillinspections.com

 

When a typical 3-tab asphalt roof needs replaced, roofers will often go over the existing layer of shingles with the new layer. It’s common to see roofs with two or even three layers of shingles; but while this may seem advantageous, it is actually not the preferred method for installing a new roof.

You would probably assume that leaving the old layer of shingles in place is a good idea since it may act as another layer of protection against water. In reality, though, the downsides of keeping the old layer outweigh any possible benefits. Leaving the old layer in place adds extra weight to the roof and increases heat, thus decreasing the life of the new layer on top.

It is more work for the roofer and more money for the homeowner to do things properly, but as is usually the case, the harder way is the best way. If your asphalt roof needs replaced, the old layer of shingles should be completely removed. This exposes the wooden roof decking (sheathing) and allows the roofer to make any necessary repairs to the wood to ensure a solid base for the new layer of shingles. It also makes the entire installation process of the new shingles easier and cleaner. The proper method guarantees that the weight on the roof is kept as low as possible and that the shingles are not subjected to unnecessary adverse conditions that will decrease their useful life and, thus, your investment. After all, roofs aren’t cheap!

Removing the old layer of shingles adds quite a bit of extra work, which increases labor costs. There are also additional fees for hauling away and dumping the old layer. Still, it’s worth it in the long run to do things right.

If your roof currently has two layers of shingles, it’s no cause to panic. Just be sure that when you end up needing to have a new roof installed in the future you instruct the roofing contractor to remove all layers and repair any damaged roof sheathing before installing the new roof. Years after, you’ll be very glad that you paid more for a job well done and that your new roof will likely last longer than if you had taken the easier, less costly route.

*To visit our main website, go to http://www.hillinspections.com

Common tank water heaters last, on average, about 10 to 15 years. Some last longer and, of course, some don’t last as long; but there’s one thing homeowners can do to help extend the life of their water heater, and that’s draining the tank to remove built up sediment.

Water heaters have an anode rod, typically made of magnesium or aluminum, which attracts hard water deposits. The rod exists to “take the hit” so that the water heater itself won’t. The rod should ideally be replaced about once every five years, but that is another maintenance tip altogether and not the focus of this article.

While the rod does a good job at attracting sediment, it doesn’t collect all the sediment. Some settles at the bottom of the tank where it forms what looks like a coral reef pattern, and this sediment needs to be drained out of the tank periodically to help the water heater function up to par.

How often you should drain your water heater depends on how hard your water is and how prone it is to sediment buildup. If you have city water or a water softener, draining the tank at least annually is a good idea. If not, you may want to drain your tank more like every six months.

To drain your water heater, first shut off the power at the breaker or the gas at the gas supply line. Once the fuel source is turned off, you can close the valve to the cold water line that feeds into the water heater and attach a hose to the drain valve at the bottom of the tank. You will want to run the hose outside or into a nearby floor drain if you have one. Next, open the pressure relief valve near the top of the tank and open the drain valve to allow the water in the tank to drain out through the hose. Once all the water is drained and the tank is empty, you can open the valve to the cold water supply line to allow water into the tank that will help flush out any remaining sediment. Finally, remove the hose, close the drain and pressure valves, and restore power to the water heater. If your water heater is gas, you’ll need to relight the pilot after reopening the gas valve.

The process may sound a bit complicated, but it’s really very simple. After draining your water heater a time or two, you’ll likely be very comfortable with the process and perfectly capable of doing it as often as needed. If you don’t feel comfortable tackling this job on your own, you always have the option of calling in a qualified plumber who will be able to properly drain your water heater and help extend its useful life.

*To visit our main website, go to http://www.hillinspections.com

Most homeowners take pride in maintaining a nice looking landscape. Inviting curb appeal is always charming, whether you’re trying to sell your home or simply trying to present a welcoming exterior that enhances the beauty of your home and neighborhood. Unfortunately, this often comes with a cost.

I see vegetation against the structure of nearly every house I inspect. Bushes, small trees, and other forms of vegetation are often planted close to the house and growing right up against it. The problem with this is that vegetation is an inviting environment for moisture and pests. In addition, roots of larger plants can grow underground against the foundation and cause damage over time.

The rule of thumb in preventing these problems is really very simple. Vegetation should be maintained at least 6 inches from the exterior. The farther away the better, but no one could be expected to have no vegetation anywhere near their house and still expect it to look nice. Six inches is far enough to offset the likelihood of common vegetation related issues while still maintaining that close-to-the-house look that we all desire.

Similarly, trees overhanging a roof should be at least ten feet away from the roof to prevent damage. This distance can’t guarantee that no trees will ever damage the roof, but it is a good and workable compromise that makes damage less likely while maintaining the beauty of a stately tree.

Be sure to periodically trim and maintain the plantlife around your home to avoid unexpected and costly problems. If you’re uncertain of how to go about this maintenance, contact a landscpaing professional to take care of the overgrown areas and enhance the beauty of your property. Whether you hire someone else or you do the work yourself, you’ll be glad that your landscaping is still appealing but no longer a potential threat.

*To visit our main website, go to http://www.hillinspections.com

Just for fun, I like to explain the process of air conditioning to nearly all of my clients. The puzzled looks and gasps I always receive remind me of my own reaction when I first learned about how air conditioning actually works.

We know that heating systems work by adding heat to our homes, so it stands to reason that air conditioning systems work by adding cold air to our homes. While this seems true when we stand over registers and feel “cold” air coming out, this is actually not accurate.

In reality, there is no such thing as coldness. “Coldness” is not a measurable source of energy. Heat, on the other hand, IS a measurable source of energy, so there is really either heat or the absence of heat. So how do air conditioning systems work? Not by adding cold air to a space, but by removing warm air from a space. All heating and cooling systems function by either adding or removing heat from a home.

An air conditioning system uses refrigerant to absorb heat inside a house. As the refrigerant absorbs heat it changes into a low-pressure, low-temperature vapor. It makes its way to the outdoor condensing unit (condenser), which contains a compressor. The compressor then compressed the vapor, which causes it to change into a high-pressure, high-temperature vapor. As it moves through the condenser, it is condensed into liquid, at which point it releases energy (heat). If you hold your hand above an outdoor condensing unit, you should feel warm or hot air blowing out the top.

So the system is actually absorbing heat from inside the house and transporting it outside. As the refrigerant moves back inside the house in a cooler liquid form, it travels through an evaporator coil and blows cooler air (air with less heat) into the space. This gives the impression that the A/C system works by providing us with “cold” air, but in reality it is the removal of heat that makes the home drop in temperature.

Of course, this isn’t a “must know” piece of information, but it’s still a pretty fascinating fact. The next time you run your air conditioning system, think about how it’s actually functioning to remove heat from your home to cool off the interior and make you more comfortable.

*To visit our main website, go to http://www.hillinspections.com